Efficient Implicit Time-Marching Methods Using a Newton-Krylov Algorithm

The numerical behavior of two implicit time-marching methods is investigated in solving two-dimensional unsteady compressible flows. The two methods are the second-order multistep backward differencing formula and the fourth-order multistage explicit first stage, single-diagonal coefficient, diagonally implicit Runge-Kutta scheme. A Newton-Krylov method is used to solve the nonlinear problem arising from the implicit temporal discretization. The methods are studied for two test cases: laminar flow over a cylinder and turbulent flow over a NACA0012 airfoil with a blunt trailing edge. Parameter studies show that the subiteration termination criterion plays a major role in the efficiency of time-marching methods. Efficiency studies show that when only modest global accuracy is needed, the second-order method is preferred. The fourth-order method is more efficient when high accuracy is required. The Newton-Krylov method is seen to be an efficient choice for implicit time-accurate computations.